Book Contents

Perspectives on New Media: Two Introductions

Inventing the Medium

Janet H. Murray [online version is excerpt]

New Media from Borges to HTML

Lev Manovich [online version is excerpt]

I. The Complex, the Changing, and the Indeterminate

01. The Garden of Forking Paths

Jorge Luis Borges, 1941

02. As We May Think

Vannevar Bush, 1945

03. Computing Machinery and Intelligence

Alan Turing, 1950

04. Men, Machines, and the World About

Norbert Wiener, 1954

05. Man-Computer Symbiosis

J. C. R. Licklider, 1960

06. 'Happenings' in the New York Scene

Allan Kaprow, 1961

07. The Cut Up Method of Brion Gysin

William S. Burroughs, 1961

08. From Augmenting Human Intellect: A Conceptual Framework

Douglas Engelbart, 1962

09. Sketchpad: A Man-Machine Graphical Communication System

Ivan Sutherland, 1963

10. The Construction of Change

Roy Ascott, 1964

11. A File Structure for The Complex, The Changing, and the Indeterminate

Theodor H. Nelson, 1965

12. Six Selections by the Oulipo

One Hundred Thousand Billion Poems
Raymond Queneau, 1961
Yours for the Telling
Raymond Queneau, 1967
Brief History of the Oulipo
Jean Lescure, 1967
For a Potential Analysis of Combinatory Literature
Claude Berge, 1973
Computer and Writer: The Centre Pompidou Experiment
Paul Forunel, 1981
Prose and Anticombinatorics
Italo Calvino, 1981

II. Collective Media, Personal Media

13. Two Selections by Marshall McLuhan

The Medium is the Message (from Understanding Media), 1964
The Galaxy Reconfigured or the Plight of Mass Man in an Individualist Society (from The Gutenberg Galaxy), 1969

14. Four Selections by Experiments in Art and Technology

From "The Garden Party"
Billy Klüver, 1961
From 9 Evenings
E.A.T., 1966
[Press Release]
E.A.T., 1967
The Pavilion
Billy Klüver, 1972

15. Cybernated Art

Nam June Paik, 1966

16. A Research Center for Augmenting Human Intellect

Douglas Engelbart and William English, 1968

17. From Software—Information Technology: Its New Meaning for Art

Theodor H. Nelson, Nicholas Negroponte, and Les Levine, 1970

18. Constituents of a Theory of the Media

Hans Magnus Enzensberger, 1970

19. Requiem for the Media

Jean Baudrillard, 1972

20. The Technology and the Society

Raymond Williams, 1974

21. From Computer Lib / Dream Machines

Theodor H. Nelson, 1970–1974

22. From Theatre of the Oppressed

Augusto Boal, 1974

23. From Soft Architecture Machines

Nicholas Negroponte, 1975

24. From Computer Power and Human Reason

Joseph Weizenbaum, 1976

25. Responsive Environments

Myron Krueger, 1977

26. Personal Dynamic Media

Alan Kay and Adele Goldberg, 1977

27. From A Thousand Plateaus

Gilles Deleuze and Félix Guattari, 1980

III. Design, Activity, and Action

28. From Mindstorms

Seymour Papert, 1980

29. 'Put-That-There': Voice and Gesture at the Graphics Interface

Richard A. Bolt, 1980

30. Proposal for a Universal Electronic Publishing System and Archive (from Literary Machines)

Theodor H. Nelson, 1981

31. Will There be Condominiums in Data Space?

Bill Viola, 1982

32. The Endless Chain (from The Media Monopoly)

Ben Bagdikian, 1983

33. Direct Manipulation: A Step Beyond Programming Languages

Ben Shneiderman, 1983

34. Video Games and Computer Holding Power (from The Second Self)

Sherry Turkle, 1984

35. A Cyborg Manifesto

Donna Haraway, 1985

36. The GNU Manifesto

Richard Stallman, 1985

37. Using Computers: A Direction for Design (from Understanding Computers and Cognition)

Terry Winograd and Fernando Flores, 1986

38. Two Selections by Brenda Laurel

The Six Elements and Causal Relations Among Them (from Computers as Theater), 1991
Star Raiders: Dramatic Interaction in a Small World, 1986

39. Towards a New Classification of Tele-Information Services

J. L. Bordewijk and B. van Kaam, 1986

IV. Revolution, Resistance, and the Launch of the Web

40. Mythinformation

Langdon Winner, 1986

41. From Plans and Situated Actions

Lucy A. Suchman, 1987

42. Siren Shapes: Exploratory and Constructive Hypertexts

Michael Joyce, 1988

43. The Work of Culture in the Age of Cybernetic Systems

Bill Nichols, 1988

44. The Fantasy Beyond Control

Lynn Hershman, 1990

45. Cardboard Computers

Pelle Ehn and Morten Kyng, 1991

46. The Lessons of Lucasfilm's Habitat

Chip Morningstar and R. Randall Farmer, 1991

47. Seeing and Writing (from Writing Space)

J. David Bolter, 1991

48. You Say You Want a Revolution? Hypertext and the Laws of Media

Stuart Moulthrop, 1991

49. The End of Books

Robert Coover, 1992

50. Time Frames (from Understanding Comics)

Scott McCloud, 1993

51. Surveillance and Capture: Two Models of Privacy

Philip E. Agre, 1994

52. Nonlinearity and Literary Theory

Espen Aarseth, 1994

53. Nomadic Power and Cultural Resistance

Critical Art Ensemble, 1994

54. The World Wide Web

Tim Berners-Lee, Robert Cailliau, Ari Loutonen, Henrik Frystyk Nielsen, and Arthur Secret, 1994